Standard: 11-12.W.1a – Introduce precise, knowledgeable claim(s), establish the significance of the claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that logically sequences claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.
Grade level: Grade 11-12
Subject: English Language Arts
Domain: Writing
Teacher Overview
This standard focuses on developing students’ ability to write clear, precise, and well-organized arguments. It is crucial for students to learn how to introduce and support their claims, as well as address counterclaims, to create compelling and logical arguments. Students should understand basic essay structure and the importance of supporting claims with evidence. They should also be familiar with the concept of counterarguments.
Students will be able to construct well-reasoned arguments that are clear, logical, and persuasive. They will also develop critical thinking skills that are applicable in various academic and real-world contexts.
Common Misconception 1
Some students may think that simply stating a claim is enough to convince their audience. This is incorrect because a claim without evidence lacks credibility and persuasiveness.
Intervention 1
Use writing exercises that require students to find and incorporate credible evidence to support their claims. Provide examples of strong and weak arguments to illustrate the importance of evidence.
Common Misconception 2
Another common misconception is that addressing counterclaims makes their argument weaker. In reality, acknowledging and refuting counterclaims can make an argument stronger by demonstrating a comprehensive understanding of the topic.
Intervention 2
Encourage students to practice writing counterclaims and rebuttals. Use peer review sessions to help students see the value in addressing opposing viewpoints.
Prerequisite Knowledge
Students should have a foundational understanding of basic essay structure, including introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. They should also be familiar with the concepts of claims, evidence, and counterarguments.
Subsequent Knowledge
After mastering this standard, students will be able to write more sophisticated arguments, incorporating nuanced evidence and counterarguments. They will also be able to critically evaluate the strength of arguments in various texts.
Instructional Activities
- Debate sessions on current events
- Writing workshops focused on constructing arguments
- Peer review sessions for argumentative essays
- Analyzing and critiquing argumentative texts
- Group projects developing policy proposals
